(Reuters) - A renewed selling frenzy gripped euro zone financial markets on Tuesday as concern mounted that a record EU/IMF bailout for Greece would not stop a debt crisis spreading in the single currency area.
The euro sank to a one-year low of beneath $1.31 and the risk premium on Greek, Portuguese and Spanish bonds soared amid jitters about a possible Greek debt restructuring and worries over the fiscal health of other southern European countries.
In Athens, striking public workers challenged Greece's 110 billion euro (97 billion pounds) bailout-for-austerity deal, starting a 48-hour national strike that shut down ministries, tax offices, schools, hospitals and public services.
"There is no faith in what the EU and the IMF have proposed for Greece," said Dean Popplewell, chief currency strategist at OANDA, a foreign exchange brokerage in Toronto.
"Capital markets are betting on a Greek default, as Greece's own populace is not going to accept the terms of this rescue, and contagion is a real concern hurting the euro," he said.
News that Greece has appointed debt restructuring specialists Lazard to provide "general financial advice" fuelled speculation that some form of orderly rescheduling or payment moratorium may be likely, despite vehement official denials.
Finance Minister George Papaconstantinou told Reuters after news of the Lazard hire: "Any form of debt restructuring is out of the question."
Lazard recently advised countries like Argentina, Ecuador and Ivory Coast on sovereign debt restructurings.
"NOT FULLY DOUSED"
The main Greek public sector union, ADEDY, rallied thousands of protesters outside parliament to reject planned wage and pension cuts and demand that the rich foot the bill. Police fired teargas at a small group of protesters who threw rocks and bottles.
"We want an end to the freefall of our living standards," said Spyros Papaspyros, the head of ADEDY, which represents about half a million workers in the Aegean nation of 11 million.
The cost of insuring Portuguese, Spanish and Irish debt against default jumped as contagion worries spread, Markit data showed. Investors sought a safe haven in U.S. Treasury bonds.
Greek bond yield spreads over benchmark German Bunds spiked above 600 basis points for the first time since Sunday's euro zone rescue deal, and Greek bank shares plunged by 10 percent on the worsening economic outlook.
Jitters about whether the emergency loan package would be enough to stem the euro zone's sovereign debt crisis also hammered Spanish stocks.
"This would suggest that contagion fears have not been fully doused, with the Greece rescue terms not allaying fears of states facing similar challenges," Nomura rate strategist Sean Maloney said.
Worries that the aid package may be insufficient to meet Greece's borrowing needs contributed to market concerns.
Economists at several European financial firms calculated those needs to the end of 2012 at 120 billion euros, based on latest IMF and Greek government figures. Germany's Bild daily cited a government estimate of 150 billion euros given to the parliamentary finance committee.
European Commission officials said they expected Athens to be able to return to markets for funding in the second half of 2011 once it had won back credibility by implementing tough reforms.
But that remains a big "if," given the grim economic outlook and the scale of public opposition.
SOCIAL COHESION
Participation in anti-austerity demonstrations has so far been limited to a few tens of thousands, smaller than riots that paralysed Athens in December 2008 following the police killing of a teenager.
But anger is growing, raising questions about whether Prime Minister George Papandreou's socialist government can successfully implement what it has promised.
"These government measures are destroying my life," said Panagiota Katsagani, a 25-year-old part-time school teacher who was marching in Athens on Tuesday. "I was planning my future, now I have to go back and live with my parents".
"Whether Greece can actually adjust, whether their social cohesion will remain -- that's the key thing to watch," said sovereign ratings analyst Tom Byrne of Moody's.
European policymakers kept up a barrage of soothing comment designed to calm markets and reassure voters that the bailout will work.
"The tough decisions made over the past weekend have eased (the problems). We are going in a better direction," European Central Bank Governing Council member Erkki Liikanen told Finnish public broadcaster YLE.
Deutsche Bank CEO Josef Ackermann, who has been spearheading a drive in Germany to get the private sector to participate in the bailout, said fellow German firms Allianz and Munich Re had responded positively.
German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble said that Greece may not have to tap the full amount of aid pledged to it because of contributions from the financial sector.
Some newspaper editorials said the bailout was more a rescue for European banks holding Greek debt than one of ordinary Greeks.
Additional reporting by Yoo Choonsik in Tashkent, Gernot Heller and Madeline Chambers in Berlin, Jan Strupczewski in Brussels and Tim Hepher in Paris; writing by Paul Taylor and Noah Barkin; Editing by Charles Dick
Reuters UK
